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Trolleybuses in Naples
Trolleybuses in Naples ((イタリア語:Rete filoviaria di Napoli)) provide a portion of the public transport service in the city and ''comune'' of Naples, in the region of Campania, southern Italy. Two independent trolleybus systems are in operation, both publicly owned. That of ''Azienda Napoletana Mobilità'' (ANM) opened in 1940, whereas the smaller trolleybus network of ''Compagnia Trasporti Pubblici di Napoli'' (CTP) opened in 1964.〔Murray, Alan (2000). ''World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia'', p. 69. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. ISBN 0-904235-18-1.〕 As of 2011, the ANM system has six routes and the CTP two. Worldwide, Naples is one of only two metropolitan areas possessing two independent trolleybus systems as of 2011, the other being São Paulo, Brazil.〔Webb, Mary (ed.) (2011). ''Jane's Urban Transport Systems 2011-2012'', pp. "()" and "()" (in foreword). Coulsdon, Surrey (UK): Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0-7106-2954-8.〕
==History==
The first trolleybus service in Naples was inaugurated on 8 May 1940 by ''Azienda Tranvie Autofilovie Napoli'' (English: Tramway-Trolleybus Company of Naples) (ATAN), which also operated the urban tram system. At its maximum extent, the ATAN system had 31 trolleybus routes〔 (albeit, counting many shortworkings and variations with overlapping sections). ATAN was reorganised in 1995〔Isgar, Carl (Nov.-Dec. 2008). "In the Shadow of Vesuvius - Part 1". ''Trolleybus Magazine'' No. 282, pp. 122–129. National Trolleybus Association (UK). .〕 as the ''Azienda Napoletana Mobilità'' (ANM).
The ''Tranvie Provinciali di Napoli'' (TPN), a separate company that operated suburban buses and a suburban tramway, opened the second trolleybus network in Naples on 21 January 1964〔(or 26 January〔), on a route connecting central Naples with Piazzale della Libertà in Secondigliano. This unnumbered route was extended by several kilometres to Aversa in 1967, after which time the TPN system was often referred to as the "Naples–Aversa" trolleybus system in transport publications. In 1978,〔 TPN was reorganised as the ''Consorzio Trasporti Pubblici di Napoli'' (CTP), renamed in 2001 to ''Compagnia Trasporti Pubblici di Napoli'' (still CTP). The routes were given numbers in the early 1980s, the two routes at that time being M13 (Naples – Aversa) and M15 (Naples – Secondigliano/Rione 167).〔Morgan, Steve (Nov.-Dec. 2004). "Alfa Romeo Swansong". ''Trolleybus Magazine'' No. 258, pp. 126–129.〕 The M prefix stood for Maddalena depot (located on Viale Maddalena in Naples), TPN's/CTP's only depot/garage for many years. That depot closed in 1999, and after two years of temporary accommodation in leased facilities, CTP's trolleybuses moved to Teverola depot in 2001, but the trolleybus routes retained their longstanding M prefix to avoid confusion among riders.
All of the overhead trolley wiring in central Naples is owned by ANM, the limit of the CTP-owned wiring being the southwest end of Via Don Bosco (just east of Piazza Carlo III).〔 However, CTP trolleybuses are allowed to operate through to Piazza Garibaldi (along Corso Garibaldi), powered from ANM-owned wires, under a longstanding agreement between the two public agencies.
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